For The Love of Food

Welcome to Friday’s For The Love of Food, Summer Tomato’s weekly link roundup.

This week I found a fantastic piece on the environmental impact of real meat versus fake meat (read this book if you’d like to learn more on this topic), another about how the honey market is flooded with a fake product, as well as two counter arguments in the great 8 glasses-a-day debate. Good readin’!

Want to see all my favorite links? Be sure to follow me on on Digg. I also share links on Twitter (@summertomato), Google+ and the Summer Tomato Facebook page. I’m very active on all these sites and would love to connect with you.

Links of the week

• Steak or Veggie Burger: Which is Greener? <<Don’t you love smart people? I sure do. All vegetarians and omnivores alike should read this. (Mother Jones)
• Is Breakfast The Most Important Meal? Fact Vs. Myth<<My latest column at ZocDoc, and why I think breakfast is a habit worth cultivating.
• Tests Show Most Store Honey Isn’t Honey <<Holy hell. Great job by Food Safety News for calling BS of the week on all the fake honey flooding US markets. All give you 2 guesses where most of it is from.
• Really? The Claim: Drink Eight Glasses of Water a Day to Protect the Kidneys <<Most experts say our need to drink more water is a myth, recent data suggests it may be beneficial after all. Personally I drink when I’m thirsty, which ends up to be about 2 liters a day. (New York Times)
• Don’t just sit around — it may increase your risk of cancer <<Apparently too much sitting doesn’t just make you fat and give you diabetes, it also may contribute to cancer. And yes, this is true even if you exercise regularly. (Los Angeles Times)
• The LA and New York Times Forget Something Important <<I was just going to ignore the obnoxious reporting that was all over the media this week about how banning sodas in schools is not effective for getting kids to drink less sugar, but thanks Yoni for explaining why. (Weighty Matters)
• Men and heavy people may outpace women and slim people in eating speed <<I cannot emphasize this enough. Are you sure you’re chewing your food? (Los Angeles Times)
• Cutting Boards 101 <<This is actually really interesting, despite the gratuitous use of exclamation points. (Plum and Radish)
• Food politics semantics: the meaning of “natural” <<An update on the word “natural” on nutrition and food labels. (Food Politics)
• Red Quinoa with Butternut Squash, Cranberries and Pecans <<Doesn’t this look yummy for fall? (Gluten-Free Goddess)

What inspired you this week?

Tags: B.S. of the week, Breakfast, chewing, eating speed, food labels, honey, natural, sitting, soda, water

Photo by toehk

Maybe you’re embarrassed. Maybe you’ve been too polite to ask me. Whatever the reason, know that you’re not alone.

The number of questions I get from people about bloating, gas and other digestive problems is not small, and since it is a sensitive subject I’m sure the questions I get represent just a fraction of those of you with concerns.

It’s not uncommon to experience digestive discomfort when you change your diet. For one thing, any drastic change in eating can be a shock to your system, even if it’s for the better. Also vegetables, legumes and other healthy foods contain a number of nutrients such as oligosaccharides, soluble fiber and natural sugars like fructose that can produce excess gas in the intestine.

Fortunately there are several things that can help prevent the embarrassment and discomfort that can be caused by eating these foods. However it is important to remember that everyone’s digestive environment is unique and different things will work for different people. This means you’ll need to experiment with the following tactics in order to identify what works best for you.

How To Prevent Gas and Digestive Problems

1. Chew thoroughly

When food reaches your intestine that has been only partially digested the bacteria in your gut cause the food to ferment, producing a substantial amount of (smelly) gas. More chewing helps your stomach acids do their job more effectively and can dramatically reduce the bacterial gas that gets formed.

Chewing is even more important when you’re eating vegetables and high-fiber foods, because they are more difficult to breakdown in your mouth and stomach than, say, a slice of Wonder Bread. This means you need to grow accustomed to chewing each bite of food more than you did for processed foods.

2. Take smaller bites

For the same reason it is important to chew, taking smaller bites can help ensure that large chunks of food do not reach your intestine undigested. People who take smaller bites also tend to eat slowly, which helps prevent overeating—another cause of poor digestion.

3. Don’t get too full

Overloading your stomach will eventually overload your gut, which can prevent proper digestion and cause discomfort. Both chewing and taking smaller bites can help with this, but there are many tricks you can use to eat less without noticing if this is a problem for you.

4. Eat balanced meals

On a similar note, you don’t want to overload your gut with one kind of food. If all you’re eating is a giant mound of vegetables for dinner and you’re having trouble digesting it, try balancing out your meal with more protein and fat. These will enable you to feel satisfied with a smaller volume of food (remember point #3), as well as decrease the load of any one nutrient that may be causing problems.

5. Increase vegetable and fiber intake gradually

Going from fast food every day to lots of vegetables can be shocking to your system. The bacterial environment in your gut is accustomed to a certain flow of nutrients, and drastically changing this can cause gas and bloating. Your gut can acclimate to a new diet over time, and the key to avoiding discomfort is to make changes gradually. If you’re really struggling with all that broccoli, cut back a little and see if it helps. Once you’re comfortable you can try adding more if you like.

6. Experiment with probiotics

Most of the gas in your intestine is produced by bacteria, but there are also strains of bacteria that have the opposite effect. Adding probiotic foods to your diet can help populate your gut with helpful bacteria that can ease digestion and reduce gas. There are several strains of probiotic bacteria, and research suggests that different strains work better for different people. Experiment with different kinds, and when you find one that works stick with it to maintain the benefits.

Examples of probiotic foods are yogurt, sauerkraut, kimchi, kombucha and miso. Keep in mind that when you cook these foods you will kill some of the active bacteria, so try to eat them raw whenever possible. I did an entire Summer Tomato Live episode on probiotics if you’d like to learn more.

7. Soak your beans

Beans are infamous for producing excess intestinal gas, but proper preparation can mitigate this problem. Instead of buying canned beans, get dry beans and soak them for at least six hours before cooking them. Soaking beans and discarding the soaking water eliminates the majority of the oligosaccharides that cannot be digested, reducing bacterial fermentation and intestinal gas.

8. Eliminate wheat

Some people have chronic stomach problems that are caused by food intolerance. Wheat sensitivities are the most common, and eliminating wheat and gluten is often the only solution. If you’ve tried everything and are still in pain, it may be worth giving up wheat and gluten for 4-6 weeks to see if it helps. If it works, now you know. If it doesn’t, at least you tried.

9. Eliminate dairy

Like gluten, many people have sensitivities to lactose, the sugar in milk, that can develop over time. Cutting it out for a few weeks is an easy way to tell if it is a problem for you.

10. Avoid fake sugars

Sugar alcohols such as sorbitol and xylitol can cause digestive problems similar to the oligosaccharides found in beans. If you’ve been relying on artificial sweeteners to cut back on real sugar, this may be a cause of your digestive issues.

11. Reduce fresh and dried fruit intake

Fructose can ferment in the gut, and too much will result in gas and discomfort. If you’ve drastically increased your fruit intake, this may be problematic for your digestion. Cut back until you find the amount you can tolerate.

(Note: I’m giving you the benefit of the doubt and assuming you’ve eliminated most of the high-fructose corn syrup from your diet already).

12. Use medication

Beano is an enzyme formulation that helps with digestion of oligosaccharides that can cause gas. If you simply cannot miss out on your grandpa’s famous chili, popping the occasional Beano at the beginning of your meal should help.

On the other hand, if you still haven’t figured out what you’re sensitive to and find yourself in an unpleasant state, Gas-X is an effective form of relief that can be used on occasion. It takes 20-30 minutes to work. As always, be sure to follow the safety instructions when taking any medication.

How strong is your stomach?

Tags: artificial sweeteners, balance, Beano, beans, chewing, digestion, fiber, fructose, fruit, Gas-X, gluten, lactose, probiotics, wheat

Photo by Idle Type

What you eat is important, but even healthy food can stop you from losing weight if you eat too much of it.

I never recommend extreme calorie restriction (most people aren’t very good at it anyway), but there are some tricks you can use to slightly reduce the amount of food you eat without feeling deprived, or even really noticing.

Your brain is easily fooled by shifts in perspective. It’s also more responsive to external cues like an empty plate, than internal cues like a full stomach. Understanding these influences can show you how to tilt them in your favor.

In his brilliant book, Mindless Eating: Why We Eat More Than We Think, Brian Wansink encourages you to use the “mindless margin,” a daily 100-200 calorie buffer zone where your brain doesn’t notice a difference in how much you’ve eaten.

Usually we eat more than we should because of the mindless margin, but you can use the same principles to subtly influence your behavior and mindlessly eat less.

Over time this calorie difference can help you drop weight. It’s slow, but it’s steady. And best of all, it’s painless.

10 Simple Ways To Eat Less Without Noticing

1. Use smaller plates

A full plate sends the signal that you’re eating a full meal and a partially full plate looks like a skimpy meal, regardless of the actual quantity of food.

The same amount of food looks like more on a smaller plate

Using smaller plates and filling them up is a proven way to eat less without noticing.

2. Serve yourself 20% less

The mindless margin is about 20% of any given meal. In other words, you can eat 80% of the food you’d normally eat and probably not notice, so long as no one points it out to you. You could also eat 20% more—not a bad idea if you’re scooping vegetables. If you have those smaller plates mentioned above, serving yourself a little less should be just as satisfying.

3. Use taller glasses

Just like less food looks like more food on a smaller plate, height makes things look larger than width, even when the volumes are the same.

A vertical line looks longer than a horizontal line and tall glasses look bigger than wide ones

You can cut down on your liquid calories by choosing taller glasses rather than shorter, fatter ones.

4. Eat protein for breakfast

People love to hype breakfast eating as a miracle weight loss cure, but only breakfasts high in protein have been proven to suppress appetite and reduce subsequent eating throughout the day. Skip the waffles and head to the omelet station instead.

5. Eat three meals a day

I bet you thought eating many small meals was better than eating three bigger ones throughout the day, but the data tells us otherwise. Though skipping meals can make controlling your appetite more difficult, eating more than three meals a day has not been shown to have any benefit, and may even be worse for appetite control.

Eat when you’re supposed to and you shouldn’t need any extra food.

6. Keep snacks out of sight or out of the building

Study after study have shown that people eat a lot more when is food visible rather than put away where it can’t be seen, even if they know it is there. Research has also demonstrated that the harder food is to get to, even if the extra effort is just removing a lid or walking to the cabinet, the less likely you are to eat it. The work extra forces you to question the value of your action, and this gives you the opportunity to talk yourself out of a decision you may regret later.

To avoid extra snacking keep tempting foods out of sight, or better yet, out of the house. On the flip side, keep healthy foods prominently displayed and easy to reach.

7. Chew thoroughly

Since I’ve been paying more attention to eating speed, I’ve been horrified to observe that most people don’t chew. If you’re one of those guys who chews the minimum number of times before swallowing or shoveling in another fork full, chances are you’re eating substantially more at every meal than your thoroughly chewing peers.

Slow down, chew each bite (counting your chews can help develop the habit) and watch as you fill up faster on fewer calories.

8. Don’t eat from the package

Your stomach can’t count. When you can’t see how much you’re eating you’re more than a little likely to lose track and consume double or even triple the amount you’d eat if you took the time to serve yourself a proper portion. Use a plate, or a bowl, or even a napkin, just make sure you get a good visual of everything you’re going to eat before taking your first bite.

9. Don’t eat in front of the TV

For the vast majority of us, distracted eating is overeating. The end of a show or movie is another powerful cue signifying that a meal is over, so parking in front of the TV with your plate for a Battlestar Galactica marathon is probably not the best idea. With the invention of DVR, there’s no reason you can’t take twenty minutes to sit down and have a proper meal before enjoying your shows.

10. Don’t pay attention to health claims

But wait, isn’t healthy food supposed to be better for you? In theory, yes. But truly healthy food—vegetables, fruits an other unprocessed foods—rarely have labels at all. Instead foods with health claims tend to be processed junk repackaged as better for you alternatives.

Even worse, research from Wansink’s lab has shown that people drastically underestimate the calories in foods with visible health claims on the packaging. People also tend to eat more food overall as a result of this miscalculation. He refers to this effect as the “health halo,” and it’s a recipe for packing on the pounds. For real health, stick to humble foods without labels.

How do you mindlessly eat less?

Tags: Brian Wansink, chewing, health halo, mindful eating, Mindless Eating, psychology

For The Love of Food

Welcome to Friday’s For The Love of Food, Summer Tomato’s weekly link roundup.

I’m sad I had to leave so many great stories out this week. Below you can find an awesome explanation of why you should be chewing more, the sad truth about the most popular brands of bottled coconut water and a great hack for getting the most satisfaction out of your healthy meals.

Want to see all my favorite links? Be sure to follow me on on Digg. I also share links on Twitter (@summertomato) and the Summer Tomato Facebook fan page. I’m very active on all these sites and would love to connect with you.

Links of the week

• How Chewing Affects Nutrition <<Want to lose weight and fart less? Start chewing your food more. (Nutrition Diva)
• Coconut Water Is Just Sugary Water <<That is, the bottled stuff. If you want all the health benefits (not to mention WAY better taste) try a real coconut. I’ve seen them at most grocery stores. (Gawker)
• Antioxidant Spices, Like Turmeric and Cinnamon, Reduce Negative Effects of High-Fat Meal <<BS of the week. Someone please tell me how “chicken curry, Italian herb bread and a cinnamon biscuit” is a “high-fat” meal and not a “high-carb”  meal. Cheers to the spices though. (ScienceDaily)
• The French Are Getting Fatter, Too <<My favorite line from this piece, “Dr. Jean Marc Catheline, an obesity specialist, says the French obsession with food is exactly what has protected them against obesity.” (NPR)
• Did you hear the one about kids who eat candy being thinner? <<I was skeptical about this study too. Thanks to Yoni for debunking the debunking. (Weighty Matters)
• Feel Full Faster by Pretending the Food You’re Eating Is Indulgent <<This goes to show how much your own perception can influence what and how much you eat. This is why it’s so important to find healthy foods that you love. (Lifehacker)
• Baby’s Palate And Food Memories Shaped Before Birth <<Really cool experiment demonstrating that a mom’s food choices during pregnancy influence baby’s preferences. (NPR)
• Not your grandma’s strawberries <<Depressing data that our lovely industrial fruits and vegetables aren’t as healthy as they used to be. (Grist)
• Organic Poultry Farms Have Fewer Drug-Resistant Bacteria, Study Finds <<This isn’t too surprising, but the magnitude of the differences is remarkable. (NPR)
• Grilled Swordfish Bruschetta with Thai Basil Cherry Tomato Salad – The End of a Great Recipe <<This video recipe looks awesome and easy. Yes, swordfish has more mercury than most fish, but if you aren’t pregnant or a young child you can eat it safely every now and then. (Food Wishes)

What inspired you this week?

Tags: B.S. of the week, chewing, coconut water, organic, pregnancy, psychology, recipe

For The Love of Food

Welcome to Friday’s For The Love of Food, Summer Tomato’s weekly link roundup.

Many must-read articles this week, including the juice on processed OJ, the truth about factory farming and antibiotic resistance and the latest demolition of our favorite vegan propaganda book, The China Study.

Want to see all my favorite links? Be sure to follow me on on Digg. I also share links on Twitter (@summertomato) and the Summer Tomato Facebook fan page. I’m very active on all these sites and would love to connect with you.

Links of the week

• Dirty Little Secret: Orange Juice Is Artificially Flavored to Taste Like Oranges <<I discussed this last week on Google+ as well, and I’m still angry about it. (Gizmodo)
• What the USDA Doesn’t Want You to Know About Antibiotics and Factory Farms <<The threat of antibiotic resisistance is one of the biggest reasons I don’t buy (aka support) industrial farms. (Mother Jones)
• My Fit Foods: Losing Weight by Buying Food You Don’t Want to Eat <<BS of the week. This makes me sick, and I recommend the exact opposite approach to weight loss and health. Eat what you love, life is too short. (Dallas Observer)
• One Year Later: The China Study, Revisited and Re-Bashed <<I’m not a fan of The China Study, and what I like about this critique is that it points out dozens of peer-reviewed papers that show the exact opposite of the claims made in the book—most co-authored by Dr. Campbell himself. Makes me wonder how he justifies these contradictions to himself. (Raw Food SOS).
• Train your brain to crave healthy foods <<It seems I’m not the only one who craves salads. Interesting tips here. (CNN)
• All-you-can-eat America: Average weight gain for Britons holidaying in the USA is 8lb <<I guess if you live here you’re totally screwed. (Mail  Online)
• Can chewing more help you eat less? <<In my experience chewing is very effective for slowing down and eating less. Here’s some data. (Reuters)
• How Chocolate Can Help Your Workout <<I expected to be calling BS on this one but it’s actually pretty interesting. Worth a read. (New York Times)
• Some exercise is better than none for lowering heart disease risk <<The previous study shows this too, but every little bit helps. (Los Angeles Times)
• Summer Corn Salad Recipe <<Fresh corn is delicious, and this looks amazing. (101 Cookbooks)

What inspired you this week?

Tags: antibiotic resistance, antibiotics, B.S. of the week, chewing, chocolate, Exercise, factory farming, industrial food, orange juice, The China Study